Hematite

Hematite, also spelled as haematite, is a common iron oxide compound with the formula Fe2O3 and widely found in rocks and soils. This mineral occurs naturally in black to steel or silver-gray, brown to reddish-brown, or red colors. It mined as an important ore mineral of iron. It is electrically conductive.

The name derived from the Greek word for blood, due to the red coloration found in some varieties. The color of hematite often used as a pigment.

Ochre is a clay that colored by varying amounts of hematite, varying between 20% and 70%. The principal use of ochre is for tinting with a permanent color.